Some People Prefer Get Up Early Essay Example for Free

A few People Prefer Get Up Early Essay I incline toward rise early Some individuals want to rise promptly in the first part of the day and start the days work. Others like to rise later in the day and work until late around evening time. Which do you like? in my view, a few people need to rise promptly in the first part of the day and start the days work in the inn and some rise later in the day and begin to work late around evening time in the night advertise. I lean toward the principal decision because of my status as an understudy. My cousin Pretty is an assistant on day move in the Diamond Hotel. To represent, she needs to get herself up at 4 am to prepare nourishment for breakfast since she should be grinding away at 7 am. Additionally, she doesn't have a lot of time to sit in front of the TV or tune in to the radio. She chooses to share time among washing and having for breakfast make-up which is significant for individuals filling in as receptionists in the lodging. Carrying out this responsibility affects her resting propensity. She goes through just five hours getting some rest which regularly takes eight hour all things considered. My auntie, Ann, is a road merchant who sells numerous things going from hamburger, pork and vegetables. To be explicit, she awakens at 2 pm to get ready products prepared before the start of the night advertise around 8 pm. Her child helps convey products and set up a selling slow down. After 12 PM, she and her child need to gather up the selling slow down for tomorrow. This work makes her have no an ideal opportunity to raise and converse with her child. I concentrate in a school since I need to deal with my pooch. For this situation, I have a lot of time after work to think about her. I generally take her to a recreation center and have a walk and eat consistently. The explanation I can do these things is that I have the days school; subsequently, I have a decent chance to play with my canine . Getting up toward the beginning of the day or later around evening time is a decision relying upon various conditions. The activity is one of the most significant pointers affecting your rising early or late consistently. For me, it influences my choice on raising my stunning canine.

Mozart free essay sample

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was not just probably the best author of the Classical time frame, however one of the best ever. Shockingly, he isn't related to radical formal or symphonious advancements, or with the significant sort of imagery heard in some of Bachs works. Mozart best music has a characteristic stream and compelling appeal, and can communicate diversion, Joy or distress with both conviction and authority. His shows, particularly his later endeavors, are splendid instances of high craftsmanship, as are a considerable lot of his piano concertos and later symphonies.Even his lesser arrangements and Juvenile works highlight a lot of appealing and frequently marvelous music. Mozart was the remainder of seven kids, of whom five didn't endure youth. By the age of three he was playing the clavichord, and at four he started composing short arrangements, Young Wolfgang gave his first open exhibition at five years old at Salisbury college, and in January, 1762, he performed on harpsichord for the Elector of Bavaria. The more self-evident, related tonalities for a work in Major would be D and E major, the region and predominant keys, and F# minor,the relative minor key.This sort of consonant gadget gives a solid sense included from the security and strength of the home key, making Its outcome In the reiteration more grounded and additionally fulfilling. This section additionally shows models pomposities creative arrangement: the little gathering huge gathering contrast pearlier concertos turns into a three-way trade, tit piano, winds enterprises framing three gatherings which are joined together and differentiated in a range factionalism.Conclusion Mozart developments took dashboard concerto to another level, and give some sign of why the forename so famous with writers and people in general. For the writer, working paternoster changing, ceaselessly from the frequently imaginatively prohibitive nature of support a domain of more opportunity, with arrangers having more control exhibitions as occas ions J C Bach is an especially genuine case of this. Guardian arrangers likewise being talented entertainers, who could pull in crowds by woof their virtuosity, the concerto offered degree to compose energizing, egalitarianisms inside the setting of a significant work, giving their exhibitions reasonable. However the monetary the truth was mastery relied upon the achievement of shows and scope of Viennese listeners,writing of his 3 concertos composed for the 1782-3 season: There are entries to a great extent from housemistresses alone can infer fulfillment, yet they are composed with the goal that then-authorities can't neglect to be satisfied regardless of whether they dont know why. Cited by Steinberg 1998: 279) maturing the above into account, its most likely not immaterial that Mozart piano concertos are, 200 years fetal membrane piece, appreciated by an enormous crowd and furthermore exceptionally respected functionalists. Ere improvement of the subcontracted in the eighteenth century exhibits how changes in the blends and develop ments in instrument innovation planted the seeds of energetic music industry. This helped set up the piano concerto to become essential fixing in the show corridor and a contributing component in advancements of the virtuoso in the nineteenth century and past.

How Do You Visit a College

How Do You Visit a College Choosing a college is a huge decision, which is why schools offer college visits. A college visit is a way for students to take a small tour of a school they’re thinking of attending. With standardized tests, applications, and your own classes, you might think a college visit is going to be the straw that’ll break the camel’s back (the camel in this situation being youâ€"embrace it). When its time to make that final college decision, though, visits like these can make your life a lot easier. That’s why we’re going over the basics on how to do them successfully. How to Sign Up Like camels, college visits come in many shapes and sizes. These include casual weekday tours, larger open houses, self-guided tours, and even virtual tours for students who can’t make it to campus. Schools may also have different tours geared toward different students, such as students who haven’t applied yet, students who were recently admitted, or students interested in specific programs. All these tours are led by college admissions, and you can easily find more about them on the school’s website. You can of course just walk onto campus without signing up for anythingâ€"that will be an adventure in itselfâ€"but if you’re traveling all that way to learn more about the school, we recommend you interact with the admissions department somehow during your visit. You’ll get more access, information, and insight than you would if you were just wandering around by yourself. Find out what options work best for you and your family, and make a plan. How to Prepare You won’t be preparing for anything if you don’t sign up! Make sure you do. You can sign up online or contact the admissions department of the college you want to see. Next, it’s a good idea to know where you’re going and how to get there. You can get pretty confused if you show up to campus without a clue as to where you’re supposed to be. Knowing things like which exit to take off the highway and what building to park at will make your day start off a lot more smoothly. To help keep your day running smoothly, be sure to look up the forecast beforehand and dress for the weather. Don’t forget things like gloves and hats, or sunglasses and sunscreen, or umbrellas and water bottles, or skis and scuba gear, or anything else you usually need on long walks. If you’re not sure, bring along an extra jacket that you can throw on if you need to. And don’t forget towear comfortable walking shoes. You’ll learn a lot on the tour, so it’s okay if you don’t do too much research ahead of time. Still, it might be helpful to bring alonga list of questions that you can fill out during your visit. Here are some to get you started: How many students are usually in a class?How easy is it to get to classes?Do most students live in residence halls after their freshman year?What clubs or nonacademic opportunities do you have on campus?How many giraffes will I see on a typical day?Are there any areas on or off campus that aren’t safe?Are there any bus/train/cab services that students use to go home on weekends or for breaks?Who do I contact if I have questions about the application? Your questions may be different depending on what stage you’re at in your college search, but these can be a good starting point. When You’re There Traffic was worse than your parents thought, and now your dad is in one of those angry moods where he doesn’t say anything. You’ve reverted to that fussy, 13-year-old version of yourself that you all thought you grew out of.Theres a fight over where to eat lunch. The bottom line is that the idea of college is probably going to stress both you and your family out, even if you don’t realize it, and that this stress will come out in all kinds of ways. These things always happen when a big change is on its way, and your transition to college is indeed a big change. Remember that even though change can make things confusing and uncomfortable, it also opens the door to exciting opportunities and personal growth. Hang in there. And while your parents (or anyone else you’re going with) are there for you on your tour, you should also be there for them. You and everyone else will have such a better experience if you make an effort to be patient and open-minded. During your visit, be honest about how you feel. Have an idea aboutwhat to look for when touring each school. Even with all the stress, try to focus on what you’re there for (visiting a college) rather than what you’re not there for. After You Leave After you get off campus, it’s a good idea to take some notes on what stuck out to you. How much did the college live up to your expectations? If you haven’t already, you might want to print outour college visit guide to help organize your thoughts. Try consolidating your notes into a simple pros and cons chart. You can do this right after each college visit and compare them later.It will help you answer the golden question, “What college is right for me?” You’ll have different experiences at each college, but remember to keep an open mind and be honest with yourself. Everything will be fineâ€"and,should you be visiting Illinois, everything will also be orange and blue. college college prep resources planning visit Illinois Admissions We're here for you as you prepare for college. Whether you're looking for guidance on the college search process or have questions about Illinois, we hope our blogs will help!

Psychology B.F Skiner - 2070 Words

B.F. Skinner Running head: B.F. Skinner and His Influence in Psychology B.F. Skinner and His Influence in Psychology Abstract B.F. Skinner was one of the most influential theorists in modern psychology. His work was very important and has been studied by many for years. Skinner was a very straightforward man and a very educated man. His theories have helped mankind in many ways. He has studied the behavior patterns of many living organisms. Skinner was a well-published writer. His work has been published in many journals. He also has written many books on behaviorism. His most important work was the study of behaviorism. First began by John B. Watson, behaviorism is one of the most widely studied theories today. B.F. Skinner and His†¦show more content†¦Psychological Beginning After graduating Skinner started writing, but that did not work out. Skinner started classes at Harvard University studying for his Masters Degree in Psychology. Skinner always had been interested in a nimal behavior after seeing the performing pigeons when he was younger. He also was interested in human behavior as well. This began when the man that taught him how to play the saxophone when he was younger told him how he would entertain troops. He would write the alphabet forward with his right and backwards with his left hand, add up some figures given to him and answer questions from the crowd all at the same time. The man said that it gave him a headache. Skinner wanted to know how he did all of that. Skinner read some of the works of some famous psychologists. He read some books on Pavlov and the work that he did with the dogs and the work of John B. Watson, a famous behaviorist. He really became interested in behaviorism when he met two men, Fred Keller and Charles Trueblood. Keller was a strict behaviorist. Skinner saw Trueblood carrying caged rats that he was working with in the laboratory. After that Skinner really started hitting the books. He had a complex schedule of w aking up, studying during breakfast, attending classes, study until nine o#8217;clock at night, and then going to bed. He held this regimen for two years straight. He did not have much of a life during those two years. When Skinner began working on his doctoral

Leadership Style Of Leadership Styles Essay - 1433 Words

Most individuals probably feel as if they know enough about leadership to speak on the subject. In many cases, however, this is not truly the case at all. Leadership is a broad concept, and there are several different styles and approaches to consider when studying the topic. It is important to consider these styles and approaches when evaluating the effectiveness, or lack thereof, of any particular form of leadership. With that in mind, this essay will consider the leadership styles of two leaders who are involved in the current presidential election process. Jill Stein, the Green Party candidate, and Gary Johnson, the Libertarian nominee each utilize different leadership styles, though, the two operate within the same professional arena. That said, the two candidates share the same battle of being outsider candidates struggling to gain notoriety and momentum from a portion of the voting population no longer willing to support mainstream political candidates. This essay begins with a theoretical discussion of leadership and then focuses on the two political leaders, comparing and contrasting each one. This will allow for conclusions to be drawn about how they both work within the same public sphere, while employing different styles to earn votes. Leadership, according to John Kotter, is about â€Å"coping with change† (Kotter, 1990, p. 4). By this definition, leadership can be considered the product of change and the different ways that response to this change directs futureShow MoreRelatedLeadership Styles : Leadership Style780 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Leadership style is designed according to a pioneer s behaviors, which is enveloped under behaviorist theory. Inside of this class, distinctive examples of leadership behavior are watched and classified as leadership styles. Practicing managers have a tendency to be the most keen on looking into this specific theory in light of the fact that with it leaders can modify their style taking into account the convictions, values, inclinations and society of the association they work for.Read MoreLeadership Styles And Leadership Style1026 Words   |  5 PagesThe fourth subject is the leadership style. As of right now the company is an autocratic style. This means that there is less communication involved. â€Å"In an autocratic leadership style, the person in charge has total authority and control over decision making.† (Leadership Toolbox) The leadership style mainly effects the employees. The reason for this is because with an autocratic leadership, there is less communication. The employees have opinions in the business and they want to share thoseRead MoreLeadership Styles Of Leadership Style1399 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is leadership? Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary defines leadership as â€Å"the power or ability to lead other people†. Although this is simply put, it is also correct. But leadership is much more than the ability to lead. The ability is one piece of the puzzle. Other pieces to consider in leadership are education, attributes, and style, just to name a few. In this assignment, I will focus on leadership style. Specifically, I will discuss my style according to the assessment developed byRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles897 Words   |  4 PagesThe last style of leadership is delegative leadership in which the leader delegates tasks to the employees. This leader is abl e to derive satisfaction from allowing the staff to participate in decision making responsibilities (Brody and Nair, 2014, p. 4). These leadership styles are not set in stone and characteristics may overlap into other leaderships styles. The leadership style that would best suit a rural area is participate leadership style. In rural areas agencies and organizations lack resourceRead MoreLeadership Styles And Leadership Style851 Words   |  4 Pageswant to give critical thought to your unique leadership style and foster genuine followership, learn from what’s out there and weave it into something meaningful and authentic.† (Feiner, 2015) For the last two weeks, I have spent time self-analyzing and soul searching to identify the qualities I bring to a leadership role. Many of the core values important to me also align between the participative leadership style and laissez-faire leadership style. These values include working in a team environmentRead MoreThe Leadershi p Style Of Leadership Styles1994 Words   |  8 Pagesthat leadership is a kind of ability or activity which a leader could straight affect and guide their followers to achieve certain objectives in the specific situation (John Calvin Maxwell,2011). The shifting internal elements and increasing external competitions have posed growing demanding to managers’ leadership approaches. However, managers are provided with various personalities or perspectives, accordingly, managers are not accomplishing their aims by using similar styles. The leadership styleRead MoreLeadership Styles : Leadership Style995 Words   |  4 PagesLeaders are expected to use a leadership style, communication skills, and their knowledge of interpersonal and team dynamics to create an appropriate quality of work life for their followers in the workplace. A leadership style is a combination of a leader’s attitude, expertise, character, and values that is exhibited in the leader’s behavior. Each style of leadership reflects a leader’s beliefs about a follower’s capabilities. A follower’s perception of leadership style really matters to them, as theyRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles934 Words   |  4 PagesThere is much that is written about leadership; like books on leadership styles, techniques and also biographies of leaders that have inspired people to action. While this is true, there is the everyday leadership and a slightly different outlook to leadership as well. Here are a few of them. 1. There Are Different Kinds of Leaders Among leaders are formal and informal leaders. Formal leaders are elected to their positions like congressmen, senators and office bearers of clubs. Informal leadersRead MoreLeadership Styles : Leadership Style979 Words   |  4 Pagestheir own leadership style. In her article, Johnson (n.d.) discusses five leadership styles: Laissez-Faire, autocratic, transactional, transformational and participative. Laissez-Faire has a French origin and it means â€Å"a policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering† (Oxford dictionaries, 2016). When leaders take total control, such as making all decisions alone and does not ask for the input of the employees, they are using the autocratic leadership style. ThisRead MoreLeadership Styles Of Leadership Style1088 Words   |  5 PagesConsider what leadership or management style speaks most to you. Discuss that particular style, explain why it fits you better than others. Alternatively, consider the leade rship or management style fits you least. Explain what is least desirable with that style from your perspective. What leadership or management style speaks most to me? They are a few leadership styles that I venerate. The Transformational Leadership, the Visionary Leadership, and the Charismatic Leadership styles are the most

Business, Government and Society Free Essays

Odwalla, Inc. , the largest producer of fresh fruit and vegetable-based juices in the Western parts of United States, was founded in 1980 by three people Steltenpohl, his wife and a friend. Initially the business was started by a $200 worth of used juicer in the backyard of California from which it moved a step forward by transporting the juices to restaurants in the local vicinity. We will write a custom essay sample on Business, Government and Society or any similar topic only for you Order Now Gradually the business started expanding its distribution and production facilities by increasing its product lines as well as by acquiring other juice manufacturing companies. Growth of the company was financially backed by bank loans and private stock offerings. The strong marketing and product line helped in grasping consumer attention which further enhanced the company’s image. With intensive marketing, pricing, product innovativeness and creativeness of the value driven product line of the company it succeeded in completed its best-ever fiscal year in 1996 when sales reached about $59 million which were about 40 percent higher than the last year. Situation The company Odwalla Inc. has just celebrated its best fiscal year but is facing a health related issue with its products because of a virulent bacterium called E. coli 0157:H7 which causes food poisoning and other such stomach problems. This problem is especially very serious in infants and older people whose immune systems aren’t very strong. Although the overall class of this bacterium is present in the human intestinal tract and plays a helpful role in synthesizing vitamins and to suppress harmful bacteria. However some, especially E. coli 0157:h7, cause a lot of harm for a person producing a toxin which affects the inner lining of the gut. This type of bacteria lives in the intestine of animals like cows, sheep, deer etc. and thus infects the meat of the animal thus rendering it unhealthy for human consumption. This bacteria however also travels through fecal contamination of the food e. g. if a fruit falls from the tree and comes into physical contact with the manure of the infected animal the fruit then also carries the germs of this bacteria. This bacterium is also infected when a person doesn’t wash his hands after using the toilet and touches the food, which has to be later on consumed, by his unclean hands. It was initially believed that the bacterium cannot exist in acidic environment and so all the drinks especially those containing citrus acid were protected from this virus as their pH level is 4. 3. These acidic drinks included apple and other such juices. However recently this concept went under a change when it was found that it can and does exist under a pH of 4. 0. This was known when some of the bacterium was found in acidic drinks which shouldn’t have been possible. After extensive research it was concluded that the bacteria must have undergone a mutation process because of which they can now exist even in acidic environment. The company Odwalla is very cautious health and nutrition wise because of which the fruits are selected after careful analysis. The company recognized its values, vision and mission because of which a carefully designed plan is implemented to ensure that no unclean product goes into the manufacturing line. The fruits are carefully picked from the tree and no fallen fruit is accepted. Similarly the bin is checked and rechecked to see if any contact with the ground has been made. If there were any dirt or debris found the whole bin is rejected. Even after this careful handpicked selection the fruits are washed with a sanitizing solution of phosphoric acid and then scrubbed with whirling brushes. Later on all the juices are manufactured under strict hygienic conditions which aren’t to be compromised ever. Even after such careful analysis a few bacteria were found in some drinks which caused a huge amount of responsibility and tension for the company. Issue The company follows a strict code of conduct which ensures that the highest amount of product quality is delivered to the customers while maintaining the natural taste of the fruits. To deliver the promised quality and taste the company doesn’t pasteurizes its juices because of which the bacteria, if were present in the drink, couldn’t be finished. After the bacterium were found in the juices the company faced a serious problem dilemma as to what their course of action should be because they obviously didn’t wanted to lost their customers along with their profits but they did not want to risk the health of their customers as well. Even one health issue case was very big for them as they were socially and ethically a very responsible company. So now the company had to decide what to do. After a serious of meetings it was decided that the products affected by this bacteria would be called back. So in a record breaking speed the products were pulled back from the shelves until the company can find a way to kill the bacteria. This was a major decision which costed the company almost $5 million. Despite the financial loss the company’s main focus was on finding a way to eliminate this threat so that it wouldn’t harm the consumers. For this purpose investigations were conducted by the company and federal and state health authorities. The company after recalling the apple juice product also recalled back those products in which apple juice was used to further reduce risking consumer health. The company then sought to devise a plan which would reduce the risk as well as increase its sales and would help in the reintroduction of these products in the market. On a short term level the company thought it would be best if it only sold those products in which apple juice wasn’t an ingredient. For this the products in which apple juice was used were manufactured again without apple juice in them and were then sold in the market. But this procedure was only best for a short term purpose so as to reduce or minimize the effect of the losses however they couldn’t cut out apple juice as it was a major selling product of the company. Because of this the company decided to opt for flash pasteurization which is a modified form of pasteurization in which the juice is quickly heated to almost 160 degrees and then maintaining the temperature for a very short span of time so that the bacteria is killed. This reduces the actual taste somewhat but is still better than the pasteurized juice. This decision was made after careful analysis of the demands and wants of the consumer. Option Every dilemma has more than one option; similarly this issue had more than one option which the company could have selected. Regarding this case the company also had a series of actions from which it chose the best. The other options are as follows †¢ Discontinuing all apple juice products so that safety of the consumer is fully assured. This means that apple juice would have to be cancelled not only as a product but as an ingredient from other products as well. This wasn’t a very feasible option as more than 80 percent of the revenue was generated because of the apple juice and cancelling it out from the product line would mean to cut or throw away the most profitable aspect of the business. †¢ The second option the company had was to improve its manufacturing processes and tighten all the rules and regulations to further ensure that no unsafe or unhygienic product goes through the production cycle and ends up as a juice product. This would mean more inspection and washes of the fruits. †¢ The third option is modifying label in a way which ensures that the consumer knows that the juices isn’t for infants or for older people. This way the infants and elder people would be safe because they are the most likely to get effected by the bacteria quiclkly. †¢ The fourth option the company can consider is to use standard pasteurization in which the juice is slowly heated to a certain temperature which is maintained for some time so that the bacteria are killed by the heat. This also increases the product life of the juice i. e. it will take longer for the product to be expired. But this type of method is not feasible as the company is highly focused on maintaining the quality and taste which is almost destroyed by this method. †¢ Using other alternatives technologies to remove the pathogens. These methods include a high pressure process which exerts a lot of pressure to cause the walls of the bacteria to explode. Other such methods include using electricity to kill bacteria and herbal antiseptic products etc. Recommendations The company showed a vast amount of ethical and social responsibility towards its customers throughout the dilemma. The company showed the problem in a very professional and morally upright way and according to my perception using flash pasteurization is a very good way to kill the bacteria because by this the actual taste of the product and quality is not lost. My recommendations for the company is that rather than just focusing on flash pasteurization the company should incorporate other options as well to make a perfect blend. The company should tighten and improve its production process so that no harmful substance is left. Overall I agree with the decisions of the organization and the way it solved the problem. Conclusion This case study is about a company Odwalla Inc. in which it faced serious problem in its product line despite having a very rigid and vigilant checking of the raw materials. Due to this bacterium some people fell critically ill and a girl even died. But nobody blamed the company because the company was doing its best to eradicate the bacteria and was helping the effected people in any way they can. The company even called back its products and then carried out a research as to what the customers wanted and finally thorough flash pasteurization they were able to solve out the problem. Overall the company showed immense amount of ethical and corporate standards while dealing with the problem. ? Bibliography Nestle. M. , 2003 Safe Food: Bacteria, Biotechnology, and Bioterrorism. Marion Nestle University of California Press How to cite Business, Government and Society, Papers

Government Engage International Initiatives-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: How Should The Government Engage With International Initiatives To Address The Problem Of Climate Change Refugees? Answer: Introducation Every year, round the globe, millions of inhabitants are forced to move or flee out of their host territory due to natural hazards in their environments. The climate change is making matters worse by increasing the frequency and intensity of important drivers of displacement such as floods, droughts and other extreme weather conditions. Climate change is said to generate a substantial increases in the population movement in the coming decades. Latest research in this domain has indicated that the climate-changerelated migration is likely to result in adverse health outcomes. This health outcome will get reflected in both displaced and in the host populations. The conditions will be severe during the situations of the forced migration. However, where migration and other mobility concerns are effectively used as an adaptive strategy, the subsequent health risks are likely to get minimized. Moreover, in some cases there are possible indications of health gains (McMichael et al. 2012). In order to address the problem of climate change refugees, purposeful and timely policy interventions by the government are mandatory. This will promote the overall mobility of people, enhance the well-being of the population, and at the same time will maximize the economic and social development in both places of origin and places of destination (host countries). Nevertheless, the extreme anticipated occurrence of the substantial relocation of the groups and the migrating communities will underscore the impact of the fundamental seriousness of the human-induced climate change on the host country (McAdam 2012). The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is a non-binding agreement aimed at reducing the consequences of climate change. It entered into force on 21 March 1994, following ratification by 50 governments (states parties). Australia ratified on 30 December 19929 (Obergassel at al. 2016). In Australia Climate change in the Pacific Islands and several threats in the field of food security, water security, increased in vector born disease, infrastructural and land losses and sea level rise is the main reasons behind the generation of climate refugees. In order to fight back against the alarming problem of climate change refugee Australia needs to Support Multilateral initiatives It will aim at the consolidation and subsequent development of the normative principles. Normative principles will reform regional or national laws and policies that are designed over the environmental migration. As per the latest amendment, by the UNHCR in Oslo in June 2011, refinement of the pre-existing rules in chapter of the international law, and highlighting the responsibility of the national, local and international factors will assist to fight against climate change refugee problem. Capacity building in origin and transit countries Australia must sign up and stick to the Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement. It will act as a legal basis for shielding people who are displaced within their own territory due to environmental migration. Optimal protection at the residence is an important way out to curb the predominant pressure to migrate abroad. However, small Pacific Island countries (as in case of Australia) there are lack of focus on long-term and medium migration challenges. National Legislation Concept like support for adaptation in origin countries or capacity-building in transit countries id not enough to stop environmental migration problem in Australia. In order to restrict such issues, Australia needs to frame a national legislation over the concept of environmental migrants. This can only be done via erecting a humanitarian category for environmental migrants. This said concept was proposed in the Greens 2007 Bill. It is also popularly known as climate refugee visa category and is specifically directed towards the people who are fleeing a disaster that results from both incremental and rapid ecological and climatic change and disruption (Farbotko at al., 2012). References: Farbotko, C. and Lazrus, H., 2012. The first climate refugees? Contesting global narratives of climate change in Tuvalu.Global Environmental Change,22(2), pp.382-390. Farbotko, C. and Lazrus, H., 2012. The first climate refugees? Contesting global narratives of climate change in Tuvalu.Global Environmental Change,22(2), pp.382-390. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 2014.Climate Change 2014Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability: Regional Aspects. Cambridge University Press. McAdam, J., 2012.Climate change, forced migration, and international law. Oxford University Press. McMichael, C., Barnett, J. and McMichael, A.J., 2012. An ill wind? Climate change, migration, and health.Environmental health perspectives,120(5), p.646. Obergassel, W., Arens, C., Hermwille, L., Kreibich, N., Mersmann, F., Ott, H.E. and Wang-Helmreich, H., 2016.Phoenix from the Ashes: An Analysis of the Paris Agreement to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Wuppertal Institut fr Klima, Umwelt, Energie.

Brave New World Essay Topics, Questions, Prompts, and Other Tips

Aldous Huxley's novel Brave New World was first published back in 1932 and has remained equally celebrated and controversial ever since. It gives a lot of food for thought both to scholars and ordinary readers. To no surprise, it is one of the novels that English professors put in the center of their academic attention and often assign their students to write an essay on Brave New World. Even those to whom English has never been one of their major disciplines have probably had to write a Brave New World essay at least once in their school years. Modern Library puts Brave New World at #5 of their 100 best English-language novels of the 20th-century list, The Observer ranks it #53 in their Top 100 Greatest Novels of All Time list, and BBC's survey The Big Read awards the novel with #87. Evidently, there is a lot to write about regarding this literary work. Brave New World Essay Topics Just like the rest of the works on those lists, a scholarly eye can approach Brave New World from a variety of angles on a variety of levels. A lot of works have already written on Brave New World since it was first released, including by Huxley himself, but the topicality of the novel does not seem not fade, and even more Brave New World essay topics remain to be covered yet. However, if you are a student and you just have to write a Brave New World essay for school, no teacher or professor will ever expect you to write anything groundbreaking on Huxley's work. So, you can exhale in peace and stop cudgeling your brains over what to write about it. You are not (yet) a renowned literary scholar who has to come up with 100% original ideas all the time, even actual literary scholars barely ever have to do that. Your job will be much simpler: you just pick one of the typical essay topics for Brave New World and expand upon it. Brave New World Essay Questions Here are some of the most typical yet exciting Brave New World essay questions that you can investigate in your paper: How does utilitarian society work? Why does the society need to limit not only the development of art and the cultural progress but also the scientific and technological progress as well, according to Mustapha Mond? What is John's function in the novel? How does a particular character develop in the novel (pick one)? What is the take on religion in Huxley's utilitarian society? How does Huxley theorize about sexuality in his novel? Do you agree that Huxley's views that he expressed in his novel were largely determined by his medical condition (blindness)? Where do John's suicidal thoughts root from and what motivation for suicide do they provide at the end of the novel? Is there an antagonist in the novel? Who could we call one? Can Huxley's Brave New World be truly called a dystopia? Brave New World Theme Essay The questions above are quite specific. Truly, a lot of serious works have been devoted to answering these questions. But, once again, as a student, you are allowed to cover one of them in a small five-paragraph essay. If your task is to write a bigger Brave New World essay, chances are you will have to write a Brave New World theme essay, i.e., to explore a particular theme and how it gets revealed in the novel. Here are some of the themes you can dwell upon when writing about Huxley's Brave New World: Commodification. An obsession with consumption makes people happy but poses an impossible obstacle to creativity and originality. Dystopia. How does the society seamlessly fall under one or the other kind of totalitarian control? Freedom. We can see how easily freedom can be re-defined into its complete opposite. Human impulse. We see that Huxley's utilitarian society does not control impulses. Is it wrong? Limits of science. How does the utilitarian government limit science to promote its central priority - the common happiness and why? Power of knowledge. In Huxley's novel, mankind seems to have gained absolute knowledge of everything, and it seems to have made them happy. What is the catch? Transformation of human relationships. The utilitarian society has rid itself of any human bond that we are used to today. How it affects them and what can we learn from it? Utilitarian happiness. How the notion of happiness transforms in the absence of unhappiness? Brave New World Soma Essay The absolute common happiness in Huxley's utilitarian society is achieved by providing the entirety of mankind with all the possible commodities. The elimination of any unhappiness is aided by the mass implementation of a particular drug called soma. Taking a closer look at this drug, its application and effects can provide for an exciting topic for an essay. If you choose to write a Brave New World soma essay, here is what you can do: Mark all the instances where the word 'soma' is used in the text of the novel Mark all the instances where the characters use this drug, ponder on their motivations to use it and its effects Mark the descriptions of soma's function in Huxley's utilitarian society Such a brief research will give you enough material to put together a solid essay. Brave New World Analysis Essay Another kind of essay that you can write about Aldous Huxley's novel is a Brave New World analysis essay. Here, you will analyze the novel as a whole, as opposed to putting the novel's particular detail or aspect in the center of your attention and abstracting from the rest. Such an essay will obviously be even more voluminous than a theme essay that we have discussed above - if you want to have it done properly. When you analyze Huxley's entire novel in your essay, you will have to grasp at least several questions and themes that we have listed earlier: from the novel's background (including Huxley's blindness, as well as the events that inspired him to turn to the genre that would later be called dystopia) to the traits and functions of particular characters. Brave New World Essay Prompts When given a task of writing an essay, your instructor may offer you some prompts that you will have to address. If this is your case, then the job of a student gets much easier, because you no longer need to look for what exactly to write about. Either you know the material, or you don't. Either you can answer to the prompt, or you can't. Here are a few examples of Brave New World essay prompts: "Community, identity, stability." This is the slogan of BNW. Explain what each of these words means in the slogan. How true to life are they? Different opinions. The utilitarian society seems to provide happiness to all the society. Still, different characters seem to view such state of events differently. Give examples and compare them. Manufactured pleasure. How was it made possible to manufacture pleasure and at what cost? Mind meddling. Explain how the government controls the people's minds in the novel. What methods do they use? Do you know about any similar instances in real life? Ominous warning. Do you think that anything Huxley describes in his novel could happen in real life in the future? Maybe, it already has? Brave New World Essay Outline If your instructor is willing to facilitate your essay writing by giving you prompts to address, they might as well give you an outline for your essay. But regardless, if you have any doubts regarding how you should outline your essay, you should not hesitate to contact your instructor for assistance. A Brave New World essay outline may look as follows: Introduction. It should include the general background information - at least, the novel's title and the author's name, your thesis statement, and a transition sentence. The main body. Here, you answer the prompt. Evidence. You prove that your answer to the prompt is correct. Conclusion. You restate the prompt and state that you have answered it correctly. Brave New World Essay Outlinebrave New World Essay Introduction Finally, we would like to address an issue that many essay writers stumble upon - how to start off your Brave New World essay, i.e., how to write your Brave New World essay introduction. An introduction to an essay may be its smallest part, but it is of critical importance. If you want a good grade, you want to impress your reader. To do that, you should grasp their attention from the very first lines of your essay introduction and prepare them for what they are about to read. In case with a Brave New World essay, you are welcome to use the introduction to our humble article as a template to dwell upon.

The Link Between Racism and Depression

The Link Between Racism and Depression Several studies have shown a link between racial discrimination and depression. Racism victims not only suffer from bouts of depression but from suicide attempts as well. The fact that psychiatric treatment remains taboo in many communities of color and that the healthcare industry is itself perceived to be racist exacerbates the problem. As awareness is raised about the link between racism and depression, members of marginalized groups can take action to prevent discrimination from taking a toll on their mental health. Racism and Depression: A Causal Effect â€Å"Racial Discrimination and the Stress Process,† a 2009 study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, found that a clear link exists between racism and depression. For the study, a group of researchers gathered the daily journal entries of 174 African Americans who’d earned doctorate degrees or were pursuing such degrees. Each day, the blacks who took part in the study were asked to record instances of racism, negative life events generally and signs of anxiety and depression, according to the Pacific-Standard magazine. Study participants reported incidences of racial discrimination during 26 percent of the total study days, such as being ignored, denied service or overlooked. Researchers found that when participants endured episodes of perceived racism â€Å"they reported higher levels of negative affect, anxiety, and depression.† The 2009 study is far from the only study to establish a link between racism and depression. Studies conducted in 1993 and 1996 found that when members of ethnic minority groups make up small portions of a population in an area they are more likely to suffer from mental illness. This is true not only in the United States but in the United Kingdom as well. Two British studies released in 2001 found that minorities living in majority-white London neighborhoods were twice as likely to suffer from psychosis as their counterparts in diverse communities. Another British study found that minorities were more likely to attempt suicide if they lived in areas lacking ethnic diversity. These studies were referred to in the Fourth National Survey of Ethnic Minorities in the UK, published in the British Journal of Psychiatry in 2002. The national survey measured the experiences that 5,196 persons of Caribbean, African and Asian origin had with racial discrimination in the past year. Researchers found that study participants who had endured verbal abuse were three times more likely to suffer from depression or psychosis. Meanwhile, participants who’d endured a racist attack were almost three times as likely to suffer from depression and five times more likely to suffer from psychosis. Individuals who reported having racist employers were 1.6 times more likely to suffer from a psychosis. High Suicide Rates Among Asian-American Women Asian-American women are particularly prone to depression and suicide. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services has listed depression as the second leading cause of death for Asian American and Pacific Islander women between the ages of 15 and 24, PBS reported. What’s more, Asian American women have long had the highest suicide rate of other women that age. Asian American women age 65 and older also have the highest suicide rates for elderly women. For immigrants in particular, cultural isolation, language barriers and discrimination add to the problem, mental health experts told the San Francisco Chronicle in January 2013. Moreover, Aileen Duldulao, lead author of a study about suicide rates among Asian Americans, has said that Western culture hyper-sexualizes Asian American women. Hispanics and Depression A 2005 Brigham Young University study of 168 Hispanic immigrants living in the United States for an average of five years found that those Latinos who perceived that they were targets of racism had sleep disturbances, a precursor to depression. â€Å"Individuals who have experienced racism could be thinking about what happened the previous day, feeling stressed about their ability to succeed when being judged by something other than merit,† said Dr. Patrick Steffen, lead study author. â€Å"Sleep is the pathway through which racism affects depression.† Steffen also conducted a 2003 study that linked perceived episodes of racial discrimination to a chronic rise in blood pressure.

Iraq and the Security Challenges Facing the US Essay

Iraq and the Security Challenges Facing the US - Essay Example It's the 21st century, the world is modernizing, and superpowers are helping developing countries develop. The UN, composed f members from most f the countries f the world, was founded to promote peace, security, and economic development throughout the world. As one of, if not the only, current superpower, the United States has an obligation to spread democracy throughout the world, mainly Iraq, as stabilizing the country would bring stability to the volatile Middle-East. The deposition f Saddam Hussein would clear the space for the Iraqi people to establish a truly democratic government and serve as a beacon and inspiration for the spread f democracy throughout the Islamic world. Saddam Hussein massacred his people, the Kurds, and even his own family members, yet he was supposedly elected by 99% f the population. This is the result f a dictatorship government where the people have little to no say. By establishing a democracy in Iraq the people would be bestowed the gift f freedom. We all remember watching the people f Iraq proudly waving their purple-dyed fingers in triumph after voting in their first real elections. Iraqis would have a constitutional democracy in the Arab world, and Americans would have a partner for peace and moderation in the Middle East. The Bush Administration was well aware f these facts, and thus this acted as the motivation for invading Iraq. Some make the argument that by spreading democracy in Iraq, we are doing nothing but imposing a foreign belief on a nation uninterested in this alien form f government. To this it could be said that democracy takes different forms in different cultures, successful free societies are built on common foundations f rule f law, freedom f speech, freedom f assembly, a free economy, and freedom f worship. These are fundamental rights that any nation or population can appreciate. Additionally, according to the "Democratic Domino theory", if and when democracy is established in Iraq, it would spread beyond the nation's borders to the other undemocratic countries f the region, leading to a stable and free Middle East. As President Bush declared, "All Iraqis must have a voice in the new government, and all citizens must have their rights protected." It would be hypocritical f the United States to praise its successful democratic government, but do nothing to promote it in other countries. Thus the spread and establishment f democracy was an absolute real motivation for the invasion f Iraq. To some this argument is flawed. They claim all this was propaganda promoted by the Bush Administration and used as a front to sell the war to the nation. Others, such as the chief foreign columnist f the New York Times, Thomas Friedman, believe the opposite. In a July 16 column entitled "Winning the Real War", Friedman hails the formation f an Iraqi "governing council," handpicked by the US colonial administrator L. Paul Bremer, as the real "liberation" f Iraq,

Position paper 1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Position paper 1 - Assignment Example Biologists hold that human embryos are human beings at an early stage of development. For Yelena and Yury, although the pregnancy was accidental, the mere fact that they are members of the human species dictate that they have the moral responsibility to facilitate rather than retard the internally directed development of the persisting human being. Whereas George and Lee (2005) claim that human beings are capable of consciousness and experience that empowers them to make greater claims than human embryos, such a claim is flawed and fallacious. Firstly, during the embryonic stage, our conscious and personality were already fully formed since character is shaped at this early stage. As such, we were not human non-persons but human persons with all the psychological attributes. The mere fact that human embryos lack experience does not reduce it to a nonperson. We possessed intrinsic worth and human dignity since then, a factor that gives the embryo the right to grow and develop. This di gnity is not dependent on inadvertent attributes such as IQ, age, size, or skin color but is rather intrinsic due to the entities we are. Hence, while Yelena and Yury undertook significant measures to prevent the abortion, but it still occurred, it is unethical to terminate the life of the developing individual. It must be accorded the respect and dignity that it deserves since we also want to be treated with respect and dignity; it is not a ‘lesser’ human being. Honourably, Callahan (1986) strives to condemn those who justify abortion by claiming that the fetus is a biological parasite that continuously takes resources from a female’s body. Evidently, this is a pro-choice feminist argument that overly exaggerates the fact that during the 9-month period, the mother’s energies and whole life will be actively involved in the development of the embryo to a baby. Callahan (1986) understands that such a

Critical Enquiry Reflection Sheet Social Work Essay

Critical Enquiry Reflection Sheet Social Work Essay The moment of learning that has grabbed my attention in this supervision session is that I need to research and identify my practice framework when working bi-culturally with tangata whenua and cross-culturally. During my sixth supervision session my supervisor assessed me using the second direct practice observation relating to my second learning outcometo demonstrate competency when working with young people cross-culturally. This assessment led to discussions around my practice cross-culturally as I have been closely working with young people and their families who are of a different culture from my own. Also in my practice at the alterative education centre where I am placed two days a week I am the only pakeha person there. My supervisor stated in the assessment that Working in the school setting as the only female and pakeha person, has enabled her to identify the differences in culture but also helped her to work cross-culturally with other staff and clients. Family visitation has also helped her to identify areas that need more training in. When my supervisor asked me to identify how I work bi-culturally with tangata whenua and cross-culturally with clients I was unable to articulate easily how I practice in this setting. My response was that in the alternative education setting because I am the only pakeha person there, I work biculturally and cross-culturally: By respecting the Maori culture of the centre Removing my shoes when I enter I have had to learn the words in order to participate in the morning waiata and karakia I eat my lunch with the young men and the other tutors each day as sharing food together is part of the Maori culture Following on from this I have stated that during home visits with clients and their families I respect the different cultures; by removing my shoes and accepting food and beverages from cultures where the sharing of food is important. These responses were very vague and did not give a clear answer as to how I practice bi-culturally and cross-culturally. I am aware that I have been trained at university to practice from a bi-cultural and multi-cultural perspective but I have found it hard to articulate how I do this. As my supervisor has noted I have identified through this supervision session that I need to critically reflect on my practice cross-culturally and identify the areas that I need more training in order to become a competent bi-cultural and cross-cultural practitioner. For the benefit of cross-cultural practice and working with tangata whenua I as a social worker need to recognise that: As a professional helper, one can feel uneasy when challenged by striking difference is the first step towards self-reflection. This attitude has a better chance of leading to genuine accommodation of the client than pretending to be politically correct. The creation of collegial support structures and the cultivation of a climate of trust and open sharing within the service setting might encourage this attitude, to be affective in cross-cultural practice (Tsang George, 1998, p.87). Looking backward The assumptions and biases that are present in this moment of learning is my own cultural awareness; In Tatum (2000) she discuses the concept of identity and what it means for the individual and how the roles of the dominant over the subordinate can influence a persons view of themselves: This looking glass self is not a flat one-dimensional reflection, but multidimensional. How ones identity is experienced will be mediated by dimensions of one self: male or female; young or old, wealthy or poor, gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender or heterosexual; able-bodied or with disabilities: Christian, Muslim, Jewish, Buddhist, Hindu, or atheistà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Tatum, 2000). The role and the devaluation associated with it will differ in relation to the socio-cultural context that the subordinate person/s and the dominant groups are part of (Wolfensberger, 1972, as cited in (Wills, 2008b). Discourses are systemic ways of talking, discussing something of significance. They are the consequence of a combination of social, political even economic factors and often have voices of authority. Discourses are often informed by beliefs, ideas and understandings that are implicit; taken for grantedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦even ideologicalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Some forms of discourse are legitimated and validated but still one cannot be confident, and assume that such discourses have become established as a result of well-rationalised, carefully researched, developed and rigorous argument/debate (Wills, 2008a). Looking inward Looking outward Looking forward I identify to the families that although I am from a different culture to them I have been university trained to work cross-culturally and I am happy to enter into discussions around what this means for our social work relation Question construction 300 Literature300 In defining competence one must also consider the meaning of culture. Essentially, culture is understood to relate to some shared elements which connect people in a common way of experiencing and seeing the world. These perceptions of the world guide day-to-day living, influence how decisions are made and by whom, and determine what is perceived to be appropriate and inappropriate behaviour within any given context (Connolly, Crichton-Hill Ward, 2005 p.17, as cited in SWRB, 2007, p.5) To work with Maori clients the social worker must competently understand what Te Ao Maori means, the same goes with working with other cultural and ethnic groups. Using Tsang and Georges conceptual framework of attitude knowledge and skills the SWRB created its competence standards of practice. To understand what competent practice for Maori and other cultural and ethnic groups means for social workers in New Zealand I will be critically discussing in this essay; what the ANZASWs standards of practice are that inform competence and what it means for social work practice in New Zealand, I will identify and describe the constituent elements of Te Ao Maori the Maori world view, critically examine Tsang and Georges conceptual framework and apply their framework to an aspect of Te Ao Maori in a practice setting. Members of the ANZASW are accountable to the association and expected to abide by their policies and procedures, competent social work practice being one of them, the following ten standards for social work practice in Aotearoa New Zealand were set and ratified by the National Executive of NZASW (now ANZASW) in June 1990: The social worker establishes an appropriate and purposeful working relationship with clients taking into account individual differences and the cultural and social context of the clients situation. The social worker acts to secure the clients participation in the whole process of the working relationship with them. The social workers practice assists clients to gain control over her/his own circumstances. The social worker has knowledge about social work methods, social policy, social services, resources and opportunities. In working with clients, the social worker is aware of and uses her/his own personal attributes appropriately. The social worker only works where systems of accountability are in place in respect of his/her agency, clients and the social work profession. The social worker constantly works to make the organisation and systems, which are part of the social work effort, responsive to the needs of those who use them. The social worker acts to ensure the clients access to the Code of Ethics and objects of the New Zealand Association of Social Workers. The social worker uses membership of the New Zealand Association of Social Workers to influence and reinforce competent social practice. The social worker uses membership of the New Zealand Association of Social Workers to influence and reinforce competent practice (NZASW, 1993). To illustrate how these standards for practice work in professional social work practice I will select one standard and show how two aspects of the standard apply. For standard four: the social worker has knowledge about social work methods, social policy and social services, this standard can be shown in practice with how Child, Youth and Family services work within a bicultural framework and the Treaty of Waitangi: Child, Youth and Family acknowledges its duties and obligations to the tangata whenua as a Crown partner to New Zealands founding document, the Treaty of Waitangi. We are committed to ensuring that services we deliver and purchase are fully responsive to the needs and aspirations of Maori, and that our actions are consistent with the Principles for Crown Action on the Treaty of Waitangi. Our commitment is reflected in a key result area improved outcomes for Maori, the alliances and partnerships we have built and continue to foster with iwi and Maori social services groups and communities, our human resource policies, and in our work programme (especially the development and implementation of a strategy for improving outcomes for Maori children, young people and their families) (CYF, 2008). In relation to the social policy part of this standard the CYFs social workers are aware of the legislations of Aotearoa New Zealand and how other aspects of the law: Child, Youth and Familys statutory role is defined by the following legislation: The Children, Young Persons, and Their Families Act 1989 The Adoption Act 1955 The Adult Adoption Information Act 1985 The Adoption (Inter-country) Act 1997(CYF, 2008). Child, Youth and Family services are an excellent example of how an agency has set guidelines and policies around the standards set out by the SWRB and ANZASW to implement competent practice by their social workers. In the next part of this essay I will identify and describe the constituent elements of Te Ao Maori the Maori world view. To understand the Maori world view we must examine what are the Maori behaviour and conduct in social relationships or korero tawhito are; then what the Maori social structures of whanau, hapu, iwi mean and what the three classes of Maori society are, and what mana and tapu mean for Maori people who are the tangata whenua of Aotearoa. Korero tawhito are they ways in which Maori behave and conduct themselves in social relationships: Korero tawhito reflected the thought concepts, philosophies, ideals, norms and underlying values of Maori societyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ The values represent ideals, which were not necessarily achievable but something to aspire to (Ministry of Justice, 2001, p.1). These underlying values of Maori society are the ways in which Maori people socially interact with each other. The next step in understanding what the Maori world view is, is to understand Maori social structures: The Maori social structure was based on decent, seniority and the kinship groupings. Maori recognised four kin groups: Whanau the basic unit of Maori society into which an individual was born and socialised. Hapu the basic political init within Maori society, concerned with ordinary social and economic affairs and making basic day-to-day decisions. Iwi the largest independent, politico-economic unit in Maori society. An iwi would be identified by its territorial boundaries, which were of great social, cultural and economic importance (Ministry of Justice, 2001, p.2). The kin group a person belongs to affects their world view because it influences their place within society. The fundamental concepts of mana and tapu are those which govern the framework of Maori society: Mana was inherited at birth, and the more senior the descent of a person, the greater the mana. Tapu invariably accompanied mana. The more prestigious the event, person or object, the more it was surrounded by the protection of tapu. The complex notions of mana and tapu reflect the ideals and values of social control and responsibility. The analysis of mana endeavours to identify the role of mana in relation to responsibility, leadership and birthright. The examination of tapu illustrated how tapu operated and affected the everyday lives of Maori (Ministry of Justice, 2001, p.6). In examining the elements of Te Ao Maori I have examine the different concepts of Maori behaviour and conduct korero tawhito, the Maori social structures of kin and class and what mana and tapu mean. Theory 300 CRITERION FOR CULTURALLY APPROPRIATE THEORY/MODEL OF SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE Identifies and is based upon beliefs and values of Pacific Islands culture. Explains problems and concerns in a manner that is relevant to Pacific Islands understanding. Uses Pacific Islands helping traditions and practices. Incorporates a Pacific Islands understanding to change the process. Can differentiate aspects of the behaviour which are associated with Pacific Islands cultural patterns from those resultant in dominant palagi cultural interpretations. Avoids cultural pathological stereotyping. Encompass macro and micro levels of explanations and interventions. Incorporates the experiences of the community and individuals in New Zealand Society. Can guide the selection of appropriate knowledge and practice skills from other cultures. (Adapted from Meemeduma, P. (1994). Cross cultural social work: New models for new practice, Advances in social work welfare education, Montash University.) Ethics 300 Skills 300 The Social Work Registration Board of Aotearoa New Zealand released in 2007 a policy statement in regard to the competence of registered social workers to practise social work with Maori and different ethnic and cultural groups in New Zealand. The release of this document was to set the levels of competency that are needed for social workers to work effectively in a positive way to empower those who are disadvantaged by society.   As Mason Durie comments, cultural competence about the acquiring of skills to achieve a better understanding of members of other cultures (SWRB, 2007, p.5). To be competent when working with other cultures one must understand the differences and similarities between other cultures and know what is culturally appropriate and inappropriate; the social worker needs to respect the clients culture and use recourses available to them to effectively work with the client to achieve the best possible outcome Bicultural code of Ethics In the next part of this essay I will critically examine Tsang and Georges (1998) Integrated Conceptual Framework for Cross-cultural Practice of attitude, knowledge and skills. I will do this by describing the three elements and examining these elements by assessing their significance and importance in social work practice with mana whenua. To understand what the significance and importance of Tsang and Georges conceptual framework in relation to mana whenua we must first examine what mana whenua are: Mana whenua(noun):territorial rights, power from the land power associated with possession and occupation of tribal land. The tribes history and legends are based in the lands they have occupied over generations and the land provides the sustenance for the people and to provide hospitality for guests (Maori Dictionary, 2008). Now we know what mana whenua means the next apart is to describe the three elements of the framework: Attitude Commitment to justice and equity Valuing difference Other-directed: Openness to cultural difference Self directed: Critical self-reflection Knowledge Specific cultural content Systemic context of culture Acculturation and internalized culture Dynamics of cross-cultural communication and understanding Skills Management of own emotional response Professional intervention within institutional contexts Communication, engagement, and relationship skills Specific change strategies (Tsang and George, 1998, p.84). The concept of attitude relates to the social workers own behaviour and their use of self as a tool when working with clients, the concept of knowledge relates to the knowledge theories behind cross-cultural practice and knowledge learnt from a practitioners own experiences. The concept of skills relates to the practical aspect of working with clients. To use the element of attitude when working with mana whenua, one needs to be aware of their own limitations, lack of knowledge and understanding of other cultures: This awareness has both self-directed and other-directed implications. The other-directed expression of this awareness is an openness to cultural difference and a readiness to learn form a client. Such openness is based on acknowledgement and positive regard for the cultural differences that exist between the client and the practitioner, respect for client cultures, and readiness to accommodate alternative world views or ways of life. The self-directed expression of this awareness is a readiness to engage in self-reflection, including the examination of possible cultural biases, assumptions, values, and ones emotional experience and comfort level when challenged with difference (Tsang and George, 1998, p.84). For a social worker to be aware of their own limitations and lack of knowledge is the first step in establishing a working relationship with mana whenua, their own ability to acknowledge the differences and similarities between their own culture and their clients culture is a huge component of their attitude when working with their clients. Supervision is needed in this context for the social worker to be able to discuss with others their own reflections and feelings associated when working cross-culturally, for personal and professional growth. Knowledge is the next element in which the cross-cultural practice framework discusses the four elements of knowledge: We can identify four areas of cross-cultural knowledge. First is the knowledge of specific cultural content as captured by the cultural literacy model. In agreement with Dyche and Zayas (1995), it is probably not realistic to expect cros0cultural practitioners to be knowledgeable in a large number of cultural systems. It may be more practical for practitioners to focus on the other three kinds of knowledge: the systemic context of culture, acculturation and internalized culture, and the dynamics of cross-cultural communication and understanding. Consistent with an ecological perspective adopted by many social workers, cross-cultural clinical practice is understood within the broader systemic context of current structural inequalities, racial politics, histories of colonization, slavery, and other forms of racial oppression (Tsang and George, 1998, p.85). For a worker to work effectively cross-culturally they must understand and have knowledge of other cultures, historically, ethnically, their value and belief systems, their customs and day-to-day living. To have a comprehensive understanding of a clients total living and life experience a practitioner must have an appreciation of the effects of their socio-political systems. In this context in New Zealand it would be effective for social workers working with mana whenua to have knowledge of the Treaty of Waitangi and what it means for Maori people and the political aspects that go with it. The final element of Skills in Tsang and Georges model related to the specific skills a social worker needs when working biculturally with the mana whenua and cross-culturally: Social work skills are specific courses of action taken by practitioner to achieve positive changes needed by their clients à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Appropriate attitude and knowledge in cross-cultural practice, therefore, must be translated into specific professional behaviour which addresses practitioner, client, institutional and contextual realities. A variety of skills have been recommended by authors in cross-cultural practice, covering professional behaviour within institutional contexts; communication skills, specific interviewing skills such as ethnographic interview, relationship-building skills, and change strategies (Tsang and George, 1998, p.85-86). Practice skills can not be effective without the social worker having a sound understanding of knowledge and the appropriate attitude when working with mana whenua. Skills are the practical component on Tsang and Georges model, and when working with mana whenua the practitioner must use the appropriate skills from their knowledge base for their work to be effective. Their interactions with their clients are an important part of their role as a social worker. Mana whenua need social workers with the specialist cross-cultural skills. In this part of the essay I have examined Tsang and Georges model of attitude, knowledge and skills by describing the three elements and examining the elements by assessing their significance and importance in social work practice with mana whenua and other cultures. Evidence 300

“Crossing” by Mark Slouka Essay

Trust and family relationships are the two main themes in the short story â€Å"Crossing† by Mark Slouka. The story tells us about a father, who is going through a tough period, and his relationship to his son. He wants to obtain trust from his son trough a trip in the nature but runs into some challenges on his way. The father in the short story takes his son on a trip to a place at a river, because he wants to get closer to him on this trip. We get hints throughout the story that the father is going through a tough period after he divorced or separated from his wife. â€Å"And he hadn’t been happy in a while.† (5). His mind indicates that he did something wrong in their relationship and that he knows it. â€Å"My God, all his other fuckups were just preparation for this.† (135). We can tell that he cares a lot about his son because when he picks him up at his moms’ the text says: â€Å"He threw him over his shoulder, careful not to hit his head o n the corner of the TV.† (17-18). He also wants his ex-wife to notice that he is being careful with their son, so she can see that he actually can make something right. â€Å"Maybe – maybe he could make this right.† (20). We get a feeling that the father is easy to shatter because when he sees the river he feels a shock, because the river is much bigger and stronger than he remembered it. He actually considers pulling out. As readers we do not see him as an authority at this point because his anxiety defines him. We do not trust the father’s skills to cross the river with his son on his shoulders, we actually fear both for the son and father. We are not told very much about the son but we get a picture of him being a bit fragile. â€Å"He looked over at the miniature jeans, the sweatshirt bunched beneath the seat belt’s strap, the hiking boots dangling off the floor like weights.† (7-8). Maybe he has become fragile and unsecure because of all the mistakes the father has made which has affected the son. The narrator’s technique is to give small hints about something dangerous is going to happen. â€Å"The current was stronger.† (105). Now the reader knows that something will happen and that brings the story suspense. The narrator is an omniscient 3rd person who tells the story from the father’s point of view. That makes us feel sympathy for the father. We want him to succeed with his son because we feel sorry for him. The narrator takes us back in time through the father’s thoughts, back to when the father was a kid and when his father took him on the same trip at the same river. â€Å"He remembered the two of them working together quietly, easily, then his father crawling into the tent to lay out the sleeping bags.† (76-77). When the narrator makes these sorts of flashbacks it makes the readers interested in what the river can bring back in the fathers heart. He has obviously had one or more successfully trips with his father, since he wants to do the same thing with his own boy. Maybe it also has something to do with that he wants his son to experience something with him that he cannot experience with his mother. In that way the father could get a better relationship to his son and obtain the missing trust. So the setting in this story is very important because it means something to the father. When the father wants his son to cross the river, he wants to obtain trust from his son and wants to set a good example for his son. When the father starts crossing the river alone he takes it slow and makes sure every step he takes is secure. That could be a symbol of his relationship to his son, and that he has to take it slow to obtain his son’s trust after the divorce or separation. When he crosses second time with his boy on his shoulders he thinks it is easier, and he cannot understand where that moment of weakness, where he wanted to pull out, came from. â€Å"This vision of death like a tunnel at the end of the road and no way to get off or turn around?† (69). His thoughts of death and no way to turn around could symbolize his anxiety of losing his son, but that he have to keep trying to obtain his son’s trust and that he cannot give up. When they have to cross the river again on their way home, the current is stronger and it is harder to cross it. When the father crosses it on himself he slips on a rock but does not fall. Already at this point his plan about a good and trustful relationship to his son is about to crash. When he picks his son up it gets worse and they are in crisis. The father cannot see a way out of this and puts the blame on the divorce. â€Å"My God, all his other fuckups were just preparation for this. This wasn’t p ossible.† (135-136). This means that he thinks it is impossible to build a great relationship to his son after this divorce and after all the other fuckups he made. He also gets more burdens on his shoulders on his way, which make the cop flow over in the end. We also get a picture for that: â€Å"His left arm was a bit tired (†¦)† (108), â€Å"Ignoring the quivering in his shoulder (†¦)† (131). The story has an open ending. They are in the middle of the river where the father gives up. The burdens become too big, and he is too weak to  keep up the fight for his son’s trust. Throughout the story the river is a symbol of the father’s and the son’s relationship to each other and it is a symbol of the father’s emotions. For example when the current gets stronger it is a symbol of the opposition the father meets through the trip. The narrator uses a lot of figurative language in the story, especially comparisons. â€Å"Mountains larded with snow like fat ty meat.† (4). Slouka does also use other types of figurative language for example: â€Å"The grass in the yard beaten flat by the rain.† (14). He gives the grass human qualities in the form of a movement. All this figurative language makes the story more alive and makes the readers want more. The narrator is showing us the story through the figurative language and through some dialogs in the story. When Slouka is showing us he allows the readers to feel and see the moment and that makes the story more interesting to read. The message of the story is that trust is very important almost a question about life and death. You should think about your actions before you make them, so you do not make several mistakes which you have to make up to again. Then the trust will get harder, even impossible, to obtain because you have made it impossible to trust you. And if people do not trust you; then what is the meaning of living life?

Digital Fortress Chapter 45

David Becker wandered aimlessly down Avenida del Cid and tried to collect his thoughts. Muted shadows played on the cobblestones beneath his feet. The vodka was still with him. Nothing about his life seemed in focus at the moment. His mind drifted back to Susan, wondering if she'd gotten his phone message yet. Up ahead, a Seville Transit Bus screeched to a halt in front of a bus stop. Becker looked up. The bus's doors cranked open, but no one disembarked. The diesel engine roared back to life, but just as the bus was pulling out, three teenagers appeared out of a bar up the street and ran after it, yelling and waving. The engines wound down again, and the kids hurried to catch up. Thirty yards behind them, Becker stared in utter incredulity. His vision was suddenly focused, but he knew what he was seeing was impossible. It was a one-in-a-million chance. I'm hallucinating. But as the bus doors opened, the kids crowded around to board. Becker saw it again. This time he was certain. Clearly illuminated in the haze of the corner streetlight, he'd seen her. The passengers climbed on, and the bus's engines revved up again. Becker suddenly found himself at a full sprint, the bizarre image fixed in his mind-black lipstick, wild eye shadow, and that hair†¦ spiked straight up in three distinctive spires. Red, white, and blue. As the bus started to move, Becker dashed up the street into awake of carbon monoxide. â€Å"Espera!† he called, running behind the bus. Becker's cordovan loafers skimmed the pavement. His usual squash agility was not with him, though; he felt off balance. His brain was having trouble keeping track of his feet. He cursed the bartender and his jet lag. The bus was one of Seville's older diesels, and fortunately for Becker, first gear was a long, arduous climb. Becker felt the gap closing. He knew he had to reach the bus before it downshifted. The twin tailpipes choked out a cloud of thick smoke as the driver prepared to drop the bus into second gear. Becker strained for more speed. As he surged even with the rear bumper, Becker moved right, racing up beside the bus. He could see the rear doors-and as on all Seville buses, it was propped wide open: cheap air-conditioning. Becker fixed his sights on the opening and ignored the burning sensation in his legs. The tires were beside him, shoulder high, humming at a higher and higher pitch every second. He surged toward the door, missing the handle and almost losing his balance. He pushed harder. Underneath the bus, the clutch clicked as the driver prepared to change gears. He's shifting! I won't make it! But as the engine cogs disengaged to align the larger gears, the bus let up ever so slightly. Becker lunged. The engine reengaged just as his fingertips curled around the door handle. Becker's shoulder almost ripped from its socket as the engine dug in, catapulting him up onto the landing. David Becker lay collapsed just inside the vehicle's doorway. The pavement raced by only inches away. He was now sober. His legs and shoulder ached. Wavering, he stood, steadied himself, and climbed into the darkened bus. In the crowd of silhouettes, only a few seats away, were the three distinctive spikes of hair. Red, white, and blue! I made it! Becker's mind filled with images of the ring, the waiting Learjet 60, and at the end of it all, Susan. As Becker came even with the girl's seat wondering what to say to her, the bus passed beneath a streetlight. The punk's face was momentarily illuminated. Becker stared in horror. The makeup on her face was smeared across a thick stubble. She was not a girl at all, but a young man. He wore a silver stud in his upper lip, a black leather jacket, and no shirt. â€Å"What the fuck do you want?† the hoarse voice asked. His accent was New York. With the disorientated nausea of a slow-motion free fall, Becker gazed at the busload of passengers staring back at him. They were all punks. At least half of them had red, white, and blue hair. â€Å"Sientate!† the driver yelled. Becker was too dazed to hear. â€Å"Sientate!† The driver screamed. â€Å"Sit down!† Becker turned vaguely to the angry face in the rearview mirror. But he had waited too long. Annoyed, the driver slammed down hard on the brakes. Becker felt his weight shift. He reached for a seat back but missed. For an instant, David Becker was airborne. Then he landed hard on the gritty floor. On Avenida del Cid, a figure stepped from the shadows. He adjusted his wire-rim glasses and peered after the departing bus. David Becker had escaped, but it would not be for long. Of all the buses in Seville, Mr. Becker had just boarded the infamous number 27. Bus 27 had only one destination.

Personality Description Of The Myers Briggs Test - 1094 Words

For the Myers-Briggs Test, there are limited of words for describing personality. I believe there should be more words for personality description because people are different. Anyways, some of the descriptions are accurate to my self-description personality paper. However, some are less like my personality. The personality that most accurate with my self-description is introvert. There is no surprise that introvert has the highest percentage in this personality test. In the first assignment, I described myself as shy, secretive, and quiet, which all of them fit into the introvert category. In addition, I prefer to be by myself rather than at a place where there are many people and noises. As mention in my previous assignments that I tend†¦show more content†¦I picked tolerance as one of my personality traits because I believe that because of my high tolerance level lead me to harmony, but I could be wrong. I expect the percentage for Feeling would be higher because it repre sents me more than Judging. I was quite shock when I saw the percentage on Judging because I expected that Feeling would have a higher percentage than Judging. In addition, the definition for Judging does not fit my self-description compare to Perceiving. When I look for the definitions for each characteristic, I find that Judging is less like my self-description because people who are judging maintain strict work schedules. This is nothing like me at all. I am flexible on my work schedules. However, I do agree that I am less flexible when I work because I am committing to that one job and it is hard for me to move to different job. 4. Review Articles Before reading David J. Pittenger’s article, I feel that the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) test is limited for describing personality. As Pittenger had stated in the article that the â€Å"†¦MBTI attempts to force the complexities of human personality into an artificial and limiting classification scheme† (Pittenger 1993). In fact, I agree with Pittenger that the MBTI tries to categorize people with different personality in a tight space, with only 16 types of personalities. From what I know, my friend and I have a different personality,